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Prerequisites
A basic understanding of databases.
Introduction
Here I am going to discuss with you how databases are widely used in the industry., what they are and how they help to store and retrieve data.
Simply, DBMS (Data Base Management System) is an efficient system or software through which we manage databases such as MS Access, Oracle, SQL, etc. We will briefly examine all of these concepts.
Agenda
1. What is the database?
2. What is a database management system?
3. Database models
4. The advantages and disadvantages of DBMS (database management system)
5. Conclution
What is the database?
It is a collection of related records well organized incoherently. These records are stored in table form. As we know, there are rows and columns. The rows are known as tuples and the columns are known as attributes of the database.
Example: – Worker records, Student records, Phone book, Inventory control, Patient records, Sales reports, etc.
The database stores metadata in an area called a data dictionary, that represents the tables, columns, indices, constraints and other items that create the database.
Metadata is the data that describes the structure of the data within a database. If you know how your data is organized, you can easily retrieve them. Because the database consists of a description of its structure, it is “self-descriptive”. The database is integrated because it includes not only data items, but also the relationships between data items.
What is the database management system (DBMS)?
A database management system (called DBMS) is a set of programs used to establish, manage and process databases and their associated applications. The database is essentially managed, a structure that is built to store valuable data.
We can say a DBMS is the tool used to build that structure and operate with the data contained in the database. You can find many DBMS programs on the market today. Some DBMS programs will run on large, powerful machines, some on personal computers, laptops, tablets, etc.
Some programs even run on smartphones.
This is so that these products work on multiple platforms or we can say in networks that contain several classes of machines. An even stronger trend is to store data in data centers or even store it in the cloud as well., which could be a public cloud managed by a large company like
Amazon, Google or Microsoft, Through internet, or it could be a private cloud operated by the same organization that stores the data on its own. intranet.
A DBMS running on multi-class platforms, big and small, that it's called Scalable.
Database models
The database model gives us a brief idea of our final system after its full implementation.. Establishes data items and relationships between data items. Database models are used to show how data is stored, how they connect, how they can be upgraded and how to access the database management system that is nothing more than yours. structure.
Here we are going to use a set of symbols and text to represent the information so that the members of the organization can communicate and understand it very well.. Even though many database models are used today, the relational model is the most used.
Apart from relational models, There are other types of database models on which we will study in detail in this blog. Some of the database models in DBMS are as follows:
1) Entity-relationship model:
The Entity-Linkage model (or we can say ER model) graphically display the logical relationships of entities (let's say objects) to create a database. It is also beneficial for developers to understand the overall system just by looking at the “diagram ER”.
– Entity: – An entity is a real world object, distinguishable from different objects. As if it could be a place, a concept or a thing.
Example:-
Registration = 000968347, maestro, building, etc.
– Entity set: –
The collection of entities is called the entity set.
Example: – Worker records table, student record table.
– Bonding (mapping): – The relationships between attributes of two sets of entities are called mapping.
There are four kinds of relationships as follows:
1. Assignment 1: 1 (one by one)
2. Assignment 1: M (one to many)
3. Mapeo M: 1 (many to one)
4. Mapeo M: N (many to many)
As an example:-
2) Network model
The network model is a part / extension of the hierarchical model that we will see next. The network model was the most famous model before the relational model. The network model is the same as the hierarchical model, the only difference is that a “record can have more than one parent”. You can replace the hierarchical tree with a chart.
As an example: In the following example, we can see that the node student has From parents, In other words, University Department and Library. Therefore, not feasible in hierarchical model.
3) Hierarchical model
The hierarchical model was the first "DBMS model". This model organizes the data in a hierarchical way. tree structure. Simply, the hierarchy starts from the root that has root data, and later it is expanded in the form of a tree adding a secondary node to the main node and so on. The hierarchical model easily describes some real-world relationships as food recipes, etc.
As an example:- We can represent the link between the Workers who represent different types of workers in the Company in the following way: –
Advantages and disadvantages of database management systems (DBMS)
* The advantages of DBMS are: –
1. DBMS has centralized control.
2. Data independence enables dynamic change and growth potential.
3. Data quality is improved.
4. The security application of the DBMS is feasible.
* The disadvantages of DBMS are: –
1. Problems associated with centralization are one of the downsides.
2. Cost of software / hardware required for database and migration plus.
Conclution
It was all about the basics of the database, we will learn all the advanced concepts in the next post. I hope you liked my post. Share with your friends. Thanks!
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